NAG Library Routine Document

c06faf  (fft_real_1d_rfmt)

 Contents

    1  Purpose
    7  Accuracy

1
Purpose

c06faf calculates the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence of n real data values (using a work array for extra speed).

2
Specification

Fortran Interface
Subroutine c06faf ( x, n, work, ifail)
Integer, Intent (In):: n
Integer, Intent (Inout):: ifail
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Inout):: x(n)
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Out):: work(n)
C Header Interface
#include nagmk26.h
void  c06faf_ ( double x[], const Integer *n, double work[], Integer *ifail)

3
Description

Given a sequence of n real data values xj, for j=0,1,,n-1, c06faf calculates their discrete Fourier transform defined by
z^k = 1n j=0 n-1 xj × exp -i 2πjk n ,   k= 0, 1, , n-1 .  
(Note the scale factor of 1n  in this definition.) The transformed values z^k  are complex, but they form a Hermitian sequence (i.e., z^ n-k  is the complex conjugate of z^k ), so they are completely determined by n real numbers (see also the C06 Chapter Introduction).
To compute the inverse discrete Fourier transform defined by
w^k = 1n j=0 n-1 xj × exp +i 2πjk n ,  
this routine should be followed by forming the complex conjugates of the z^k ; that is, xk=-xk, for k=n/2+2,,n.
c06faf uses the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm (see Brigham (1974)). There are some restrictions on the value of n (see Section 5).

4
References

Brigham E O (1974) The Fast Fourier Transform Prentice–Hall

5
Arguments

1:     xn – Real (Kind=nag_wp) arrayInput/Output
On entry: if x is declared with bounds 0:n-1 in the subroutine from which c06faf is called, xj must contain xj, for j=0,1,,n-1.
On exit: the discrete Fourier transform stored in Hermitian form. If the components of the transform z^k are written as ak + i bk, and if x is declared with bounds 0:n-1 in the subroutine from which c06faf is called, then for 0 k n/2, ak is contained in xk, and for 1 k n-1 / 2 , bk is contained in xn-k. (See also Section 2.1.2 in the C06 Chapter Introduction and Section 10.)
2:     n – IntegerInput
On entry: n, the number of data values. The largest prime factor of n must not exceed 19, and the total number of prime factors of n, counting repetitions, must not exceed 20.
Constraint: n>1.
3:     workn – Real (Kind=nag_wp) arrayWorkspace
4:     ifail – IntegerInput/Output
On entry: ifail must be set to 0, -1​ or ​1. If you are unfamiliar with this argument you should refer to Section 3.4 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for details.
For environments where it might be inappropriate to halt program execution when an error is detected, the value -1​ or ​1 is recommended. If the output of error messages is undesirable, then the value 1 is recommended. Otherwise, if you are not familiar with this argument, the recommended value is 0. When the value -1​ or ​1 is used it is essential to test the value of ifail on exit.
On exit: ifail=0 unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see Section 6).

6
Error Indicators and Warnings

If on entry ifail=0 or -1, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by x04aaf).
Errors or warnings detected by the routine:
ifail=1
At least one of the prime factors of n is greater than 19.
ifail=2
n has more than 20 prime factors.
ifail=3
On entry,n1.
ifail=4
An unexpected error has occurred in an internal call. Check all subroutine calls and array dimensions. Seek expert help.
ifail=-99
An unexpected error has been triggered by this routine. Please contact NAG.
See Section 3.9 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.
ifail=-399
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 3.8 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.
ifail=-999
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 3.7 in How to Use the NAG Library and its Documentation for further information.

7
Accuracy

Some indication of accuracy can be obtained by performing a subsequent inverse transform and comparing the results with the original sequence (in exact arithmetic they would be identical).

8
Parallelism and Performance

c06faf is threaded by NAG for parallel execution in multithreaded implementations of the NAG Library.
c06faf makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this routine. Please also consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

9
Further Comments

The time taken is approximately proportional to n × logn, but also depends on the factorization of n. c06faf is faster if the only prime factors of n are 2, 3 or 5; and fastest of all if n is a power of 2.

10
Example

This example reads in a sequence of real data values and prints their discrete Fourier transform (as computed by c06faf), after expanding it from Hermitian form into a full complex sequence. It then performs an inverse transform using c06fbf and conjugation, and prints the sequence so obtained alongside the original data values.

10.1
Program Text

Program Text (c06fafe.f90)

10.2
Program Data

Program Data (c06fafe.d)

10.3
Program Results

Program Results (c06fafe.r)

© The Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd, Oxford, UK. 2017